Burner



March 19, 1935. I F E HE RR 1,995,099

BURNER Original Filed March 10, 1950 WITNESSE Fj gg v BY i 1 ATTORNE YPatented Mar. 19, 1935 UNITED. STATE PATENT orries? BURNER Frank E.Herr, Lancaster, Pa.

Application March 10, 1930, Serial No. 434,642

Renewed January28, 1935 6 Claims. (Cl. 15876) This invention is animprovement in burners, and it consists of the constructions,combinations and arrangements herein described and claimed.

An object of the invention is to provide a burner especially adaptableto oil but which can be used for burning other substances, so arrangedthat the ignition point is readily accessible and visible, thus enablingany defect either in the electrodes or nozzle to be remedied.

'Another object of the invention is to equip the firing or ignitionchamber with a shield for the purpose of guarding the electrodes so thatthese will not be exposed to the intense heat of the flame and thusburnt off, nor laid liable to becoming covered with partly distilled oiland thus fouled and clogged.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification,reference being had to the accompanying drawing in which Figure 1 is alongitudinal section of the improved burner. I

Figure 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1. V

Figure 3 is a cross section'taken on the line 25. 33 of Figure 1.

This application is a continuation in part of an application for patentfor oil burners, filed by Frank E. Herr, August 9,' 1928, Serial No.298,568. The burner 6 is substantially the same as the correspondingburner in the foregoing application but embodies an improvement whichresides in a shield 7 (Figs. 1, 2 and 3), the primary purpose of whichis to guard the electrodes against the intense heat of the flame. I

The burner 6 may be generally described as an irregularly shaped tubularhousing. This has cylindrical ends 8, 9 and a connecting central section10 which is fiat on top and at the bottom but made with bulging sides(Fig. 2) to define side air passages 11.

A nozzle 49 is arranged to spray a combustible fluid consisting of amixture of oil and air in the present instance. This fluid is suppliedby a pipe 50. The nozzle occupies a position in a cupshaped device 58herein known as the firing or ignition chamber. A portion of the supplypipe 50 is situated within the burner housing 6 and is subjected to theheat thereof.

This chamber is inserted through an opening 59 in the top of the burnerhousing 6. It has a surrounding flange 60 which not only limits theinsertion of the chamber 58 but also makes a complete closure of theopening '59. The flange will u be secured in any suitable way. 55 Inpractice there will be a coupling 61 in the pipe 50 and by looseningthis as well as removing;

the securing means by which the flange is held in place it becomespossible to lift the entire'fir ing chamber 58 out of the burner housingfor any purpose whatsoever.-

(Fig. 2) but the bottom 62 is sloping toward the cylindrical outlet end8 so as to compres's'beneath' it the air delivered by a blower 63 tothe-cylindrical inlet end 9, the effect of the compressed stream inconfluence with the lateral streams in the side passages 11 '(Fig. 2)-.being to produce a thorough mixture with the fuel spray at a'placeimmediately in front of the open end of the firing chamber 58.

A pair of side slots 63 is in proximity to the nozzle 49 so as todeliver diagonal streams of air in the direction of the tip of thenozzle 49 (see arrows Fig.2). Holes 64 higher up in the sides of thefiring chambe'r58 also deliver streams of air into the firing chamberand provide places Where the electrodes65 of a pair of spark plugs 66are admitted. I

These spark plugs are screwed .into bosses 67 on the flange 60 of thefiring chamber. The spark plugs are thus carried by the'firing chamberand are removable with it. However, it-is unnecessary to remove theentire firing chamber for a mere inspectionof the electrodes, nor infact is it necessary to remove the spark plugs 66 for that purpose, itonly being necessary to remove a cover 69 which normally closes anopening 70 in the flange 60 from which the firing chamber 58 de-- pends.7

It is to the cover 69 that the shield '7 is attached. The removal of thecover 69 enables a thorough inspectionof the ignition point which occursat the terminals of the electrodes near the end of the nozzle 49. Thisability to'inspect the ignition point is regarded as a distinctfeatu'reof advantage over the so-called gun-type burner according to which theatomized oil is ignited within'the combustion chamber of the furnace orboiler 71.

This type of burner is entirely inaccessible for inspection of eitherthe spray nozzle or spark plug electrodes. These electrodes are notprotected in any way, hence are subjected to a very high degree oftemperature as well as a deposit of partly distilled oil. They becomecrystallized, fouled, clogged and burned oiT. In: this type of burner itis the wasteful practice of forcing cold air directly into thecombustion chamber of the furnace and the formation of cold air currents.51. The firingchamber 58 has parallel straight sides front of thefiring chamber 58, the effect of the;

commingling air currents behind the shield being to avoid the formationof dead eddies of air.

As the ignition takes place the spray, expanding burning gases and flameare immediatelycarried away. Neither flame nor reflected heatcan reachthe electrodes 65. covered with oil spray or sediment. They will be Norwill they become protected from over heating and burning as; K Toprevent these occurrences is the function of the shield 7.

The; introduction of the firing chamber 58 in f the burner housing atthe place shown locates this part well outside of the furnace where itisreadily gotten at for any desired purpose. The cylindrical outlet end 8immediately beyond the firing chamber 58 will be filled with flame, the

whole arrangement being such. that nothing but flame is discharged intothe furnace 71. The interior will not be cooled. by unwarmed aircurrents. There is thus no chance of any diminution in the heat.

the blast of air from the blower 63 strikes 5 the rear end of the firingchamber 58=the formerly solid current of air is divided into sevenseparate currents. Four of these pass through the openings 63, 64 in thechamber 58, the remaining three flowing through the side air passages 11(Fig. 2) and at the place beneath the bottom 62 (Fig. l) The resultingswirling action of the air currents will produce a thorough mixturetherewith of the fuel spray, which mixture, when ignited, produces thesolid flame already referred to.

Thus it will be understood that the purpose of the, shield '7' is tokeep the flame out of the back of the firing chamber 58. The nozzle 49and electrodes 65 will be kept relatively cool. The cross currents ofair occurring within the ignition chamber will blow away any settlementlikely to occur on either the electrodes or nozzle so that thesepartsarenot likely to become destroyed.

While the construction and arrangement of the improved burner is that ofa generally preferred form, obviously modifications and changes may bemade without departing from the spirit ofthe invention or the scope ofthe claims.

1. A burner comprising a housing having an opening, an ignition chamberinsertedin the opening, fuel feeding and igniter means extending intosaidchamber, anda cover for the ignition chamber which can be taken ofito inspect the interior of the ignition chamber without abstracting theignition chamber from the housing opening or V disturbing said fuelfeeding and igniter means.

2. A burner comprising a housing through which an air current ismovable, means at which a combustion fluid is introduced, means toignite said fluid and produce a flame, and imperforate means to deflectsaid-current over the ignition means and solely around the edge of theimperforate means to guard the ignition means from p the flame.

3. A burner for liquid-fuel heating apparatus comprising a housinghaving an outlet to be directed into. a furnace, means to introduce ablast of air to support combustion, a nozzle to discharge a fuel sprayto comfningle with the air, electrodes adjacent to the nozzle forigniting the spray and said chamber having an inspection opening, a

tached to and introduced into the ignition cham;

ber, and a separate and removable cover for the inspection opening, saidcover having a. shield ex.- tending into proximity with the fuel feedingand igniter means.

6. A burner comprising a housing with a flame outlet and an opening,cup-shaped means introto guard the electrodes, from theeffects of aflame in the outlet and open end of the ignitionchamher, and a flange onthe. cup-shaped means, said.

flange limiting the introduction of said means into the housing openingand providing a support for said feed pipe and electrodes.

FRANK E. HERB;

